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Tafti N, Sabet F, Ebrahimipour E, Anbarian M. Lateral Wedge Insole Slipper Sock for Pain and Plantar Pressure Distribution in Knee Osteoarthritis. PTJ 2026; 16 (3) :263-272
URL: http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-690-en.html

Purpose: This study aimed to design and evaluate a novel combination of slipper socks and lateral wedge insoles (LWIs) specifically tailored for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The primary objectives were to assess its effectiveness in reducing pain and improving plantar pressure distribution during walking.
Methods: A total of 34 participants diagnosed with bilateral KOA were recruited based on predefined inclusion criteria. Pain levels were evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) under two conditions: barefoot walking and walking with the researcher-designed slipper sock. Plantar pressure distribution was measured using a pressure plate system. The slipper sock featured custom LWIs that supported both the medial and lateral arches, a metatarsal pad, and a subtalar strap to optimize foot alignment and load distribution. The insole was designed using Rhinoceros 3D software and manufactured from plastazote and ethylene-vinyl acetate foams, while the slipper sock was made of neoprene and featured a subtalar strap to ensure a secure fit and accommodate the insole. A paired-samples t-test was performed to analyze differences in plantar pressure distribution and pain outcomes between the two conditions, with statistical significance set at P≤0.05.
Results: Wearing the slipper-sock and orthotic combination significantly reduced pain levels (P≤0.01) and improved plantar pressure distribution (P≤0.05) compared to walking barefoot. VAS scores reflected decreased pain intensity with the slipper sock, while pressure plate data indicated favorable changes in plantar loading patterns.
Conclusion: The custom-designed slipper sock with integrated LWIs demonstrates potential as a supportive intervention for individuals with KOA, offering significant pain relief and improved plantar pressure distribution during walking. These findings suggest that such a device could serve as an accessible and cost-effective alternative to conventional orthotic solutions. Further longitudinal studies and clinical trials are recommended to evaluate its long-term efficacy in pain management, functional mobility, and overall quality of life for individuals with KOA.