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PTJ 2025, 15(4): 0-0 |
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Sakinepoor A, Degens H, Letafatkar A, Darabseh M, Moradi F, Mazidi M. The Benefit of a Course Training on Flexion-Relaxation in Male Adolescents with Forward Head and Rounded Shoulder Posture. PTJ 2025; 15 (4)
URL: http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-678-en.html
URL: http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-678-en.html
Ainollah Sakinepoor *1 
, Hans Degens2 , Amir Letafatkar3 , Mohammad Darabseh4 , Fariba Moradi5 , Maryam Mazidi6
, Hans Degens2 , Amir Letafatkar3 , Mohammad Darabseh4 , Fariba Moradi5 , Maryam Mazidi6
1- Department of physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
3- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
5- Department of Physical Education, Arak University, Arak, Iran
6- Department of Physical Education, Hormozgan University, Bandarabbas, Iran
2- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
3- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
5- Department of Physical Education, Arak University, Arak, Iran
6- Department of Physical Education, Hormozgan University, Bandarabbas, Iran
Abstract: (23 Views)
Purpose: Previous research indicates that exists a positive communication among the forward head and forward shoulder angle (FHRSA) and the maintenance of a flexed neck position over an extended period, leading to static stress on the musculoskeletal system. The target was intended to ascertain the benefit of a course training on flexion-relaxation in male adolescents with forward head and forward shoulder posture.
Methods: Sixty males with FHRSA were chosen for the current study and split into two groups CE (subjects=30) and the non-treatment group (subjects=30). The intervention group followed a course training. Exercises were performed twice a week for approximately 20-30 minutes, while the control group received advice on how to correct posture. The electromyography data of the upper extremities of 60 subjects with FHRSA (control = 30, CE = 30) were recorded while participants in both groups performed the cervical flexion–relaxation task and during two different conditions (before and after the intervention). Forward head and shoulder angles were evaluated using side photography. mixed repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized for data analysis.
Results: There were significant time × group interactions for electromyography (p < 0.05), indicating that the response differed between the control and CE groups. It appeared that CE, but not the control condition, was accompanied by a decrease in the onset time of muscle activation, indicative of an improved flexion-relaxation (p < 0.05). CE, but not so in the non-treatment group, resulted in a decreased forward head angle (FHA) (F(12, 0), p < 0.001, 𝜂p² = 0.172) and rounded shoulder angle (RSA) (F(15, 4), p < 0.001, 𝜂p² = 0.211).
Conclusion: CE can improve posture and flexion relaxation in individuals with forward head and rounded shoulders. Additionally, CE can improve posture and reduce muscle imbalances in individuals with FHRSA.
Methods: Sixty males with FHRSA were chosen for the current study and split into two groups CE (subjects=30) and the non-treatment group (subjects=30). The intervention group followed a course training. Exercises were performed twice a week for approximately 20-30 minutes, while the control group received advice on how to correct posture. The electromyography data of the upper extremities of 60 subjects with FHRSA (control = 30, CE = 30) were recorded while participants in both groups performed the cervical flexion–relaxation task and during two different conditions (before and after the intervention). Forward head and shoulder angles were evaluated using side photography. mixed repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized for data analysis.
Results: There were significant time × group interactions for electromyography (p < 0.05), indicating that the response differed between the control and CE groups. It appeared that CE, but not the control condition, was accompanied by a decrease in the onset time of muscle activation, indicative of an improved flexion-relaxation (p < 0.05). CE, but not so in the non-treatment group, resulted in a decreased forward head angle (FHA) (F(12, 0), p < 0.001, 𝜂p² = 0.172) and rounded shoulder angle (RSA) (F(15, 4), p < 0.001, 𝜂p² = 0.211).
Conclusion: CE can improve posture and flexion relaxation in individuals with forward head and rounded shoulders. Additionally, CE can improve posture and reduce muscle imbalances in individuals with FHRSA.
Keywords: Exercise therapy, Posture, Postural Balance Forward head, Forward shoulder, Electromyography
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/09/19 | Accepted: 2025/01/4 | Published: 2025/10/18
Received: 2024/09/19 | Accepted: 2025/01/4 | Published: 2025/10/18
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