Shahsaheb M, Minonejad H, Zandi S. The Effect of 8-week Online Scapular-focused Training on Scapular Kinematics, Proprioception, and Selected Muscles Strength in Female Volleyball Players With Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit. PTJ 2023; 13 (3) :175-186
URL:
http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-564-en.html
1- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport sciences, University of Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (1281 Views)
Purpose: One of the most significant risk factors for throwing athletes is an internal rotation deficit of the shoulder joint. This study aims to investigate 8-week online scapular-focused training on the scapular kinematics, proprioception, and strength of particular shoulder muscles in female volleyball players with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit.
Methods: The present study was conducted using a two-group with pre and post-test design. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 female athletes with abnormalities in the shoulder joint’s internal rotation were split into two groups, experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). In the pre-test, goniometers were used to measure shoulder range of motion, isokinetic devices were used to measure proprioception and rotator cuff muscle strength, and inclinometers were used to measure scapular kinematics. The experimental group’s participants underwent 8-week online scapular-focused training, lasting 30 minutes over three sessions each week. These exercises encompassed strength (with TheraBand) and stretching activities. Ultimately, intra-group and inter-group differences were examined using SPSS software, version 20 using paired t-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at a significance level of 0.95.
Results: The results of paired t-test revealed that only the experimental group and the pre-test and post-test had a significant difference in all study variables (P<0.05). Additionally, the results of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups’ shoulder proprioception at 45° and 90° in the post-test (P=0.001 and P=0.01, respectively). The two groups also differed significantly in the scapular kinematics at all angles of 45°, 90°, and 135° as well as at the limit of the shoulder’s range of motion (P=0.01, P=0.04, P=0.001, and P=0.001, respectively). Additionally, significant differences were observed between the two groups in all variables of isokinetic strength of concentric internal rotation, isokinetic strength of concentric external rotation, isokinetic strength of eccentric internal rotation, and isokinetic strength of eccentric external rotation (P=0.001, P=0.02, and P=0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that 8-week online scapular-focused training improves scapular kinematics, proprioception, and shoulder internal and external rotator muscle strength in female volleyball players experiencing internal rotation deficiencies of the shoulder joint. It is advised that coaches, experts, and occupational therapists employ these workouts to enhance the aforementioned factors in female volleyball players experiencing shoulder internal rotation deficiencies.
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Online scapular-focused training improves scapular kinematics, proprioception, and strength of selected shoulder muscles of women volleyball players with internal rotation defects of the shoulder joint.
Plain Language Summary
One of the critical risk factors for shoulder joint injury in throwing athletes is internal rotation deficiency. Therefore, finding the best and most economical method to improve this defect is of great importance. Thirty female volleyball players with internal rotation defects of the shoulder joint were selected, and the training group performed focused scapular exercises for 30 minutes (three sessions per week) for eight weeks. According to the results obtained from the research, performing eight weeks of focused shoulder exercises led to the improvement of shoulder kinematics, shoulder proprioception, and shoulder internal and external rotator muscle strength in female volleyball players with internal rotation defects of the shoulder joint, and coaches, specialists, and occupational therapists can use these exercises to improve strength, proprioception, and scapular kinematics in female volleyball players with internal rotation defects of the shoulder joint.
Type of Study:
Research |
Subject:
General Received: 2023/03/7 | Accepted: 2023/06/14 | Published: 2023/07/1