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Komeili A, Rostami M, Ansari A M, Khosravi M, Poursadeghiyan M, Salehi Sahlabadi A. Assessing Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk and Discomfort in Auto Parts Manufacturing: A Comparative Analysis of CRAMUD, REBA, and the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. PTJ 2026; 16 (3) :307-320
URL: http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-753-en.html

Purpose: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the main causes of disability and reduced workplace productivity. Given their high prevalence and negative health and economic impacts, there is an urgent need to identify MSD-related hazards and their contributing factors. The comprehensive risk assessment of MSDs (CRAMUD) technique was used in this study to evaluate the risk of acquiring MSDs and ascertain the point prevalence of these illnesses among workers in Tehran Province who manufacture automobile components.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical investigation was conducted in 2024 in an automotive parts manufacturing industry in Tehran Province, Iran. A total of 340 workers were selected from 360 available workers based on the inclusion criteria. The instruments used included the CRAMUD questionnaire, the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) method, and the Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire (CMDQ) to measure musculoskeletal discomfort. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 27). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the data’s normality. The relationships between all variables were examined using Pearson correlation tests and linear regression analyses. The chi-square test was also used to examine group differences.
Results: The mean CRAMUD MSD risk score was 11.12±3.53, and the point prevalence of MSDs was 44.8%. Additionally, 18.5% of the participants were highly risky, and 26.3% were risky. There was a high positive correlation between CRAMUD, REBA (r=0.755, P<0.001), and CMDQ (r=0.776, P<0.001) scores. Linear regression analysis also showed that physical, personal, and psychosocial items had significant (P<0.05) effects on the CMDQ score.
Conclusion: The results of this study confirm the significant prevalence of MSDs in the automotive parts manufacturing industry and the high validity of the CRAMUD method in assessing associated risks. The incidence and severity of MSDs can be prevented by implementing preventive interventions and improving ergonomic conditions.