Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy

en The Effect of Sand Surface Training on Knee and Ankle Co-Contraction in Individuals with Pronated Feet and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction During Gait Analysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial عمومى General پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">Background:  The human skeletal-muscular system operates as an interconnected framework, meaning changes in one part can influence other areas and potentially disrupt fundamental motor skills like walking .The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of sand surface training on the co-contraction of knee and ankle muscles in individuals with pronated feet and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) during walking. Methods: Twenty-eight adult males with pronated feet and ACLR were divided into two equal groups (intervention and active control groups). Participants were instructed to maintain a steady pace of approximately 1.2 m/s along an 18 m pathway. Muscle activities were monitored through a surface bipolar electromyography system before and after the test. The intervention cohort participated in an eight-week sand-based walking training regimen, incorporating consistent jogging, long-stride walking, bounding movements, galloping, and brief sprints, conducted three times weekly. Conversely, the control cohort completed a comparable training protocol on a stable surface. Findings: Results revealed significantly greater directed knee flexor/extensor co-contraction during the loading phase (p=0.010) in the intervention group (but not in the control group). Furthermore, findings revealed a substantial decrease in directed knee mediolateral muscle concomitance during the propulsion phase in the IG (but not in the CG) (p=0.001). Conclusion: In accordance with our results, it could be concluded that sand training may knee joint co-contraction pattern in adult males with pronated feet and ACLR.</div> EMG, Motion correction, contraction, walking 0 0 http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-348-15&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sarra Imanibrouj 77s.imani@gmail.com No Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero amiralijafarnezhad@gmail.com Yes Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Hamed Sheikhalizade hamed.sh2102@gmail.com No Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. Seyed Hamed Mousavi musavihamed@ut.ac.ir No Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.