1- Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract: (1107 Views)
Purpose: Pronated feet (PF) are associated with biomechanical changes during running. It seems that sand training can be a suitable intervention for rehabilitation in individuals with over-pronated feet. This study aims to investigate the effect of long-term exercises on the sand on the frequency of lower limb muscles during running in runners with over-pronated feet.
Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental type. A total of 29 controls with a mean age of 22.2±2.5 years (control group [CG]) and 30 pronated feet (PF) individuals with a mean age of 22.2±1.9 years (intervention group [IG]) participated in this study. In both pre and post-test phases, participants run barefoot on an 18-m runway at a constant velocity of 3.3±5% m/s while EMG activity was recorded using an EMG system. The sand training includes barefoot running for 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. The frequency of lower limb muscle activities was used as a dependent variable. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The results demonstrated a significant group×time interaction for gluteus medius (gluteus-M) frequency content at the mid-stance phase (P<0.001; η2=0.670). The results demonstrated an increase of frequency content for gluteus-M in CG (but not in IG) at post-test compared to the pre-test. The results demonstrated a significant group×time interaction for medial gastrocnemius (Gas-M) frequency content at push-off phase (P=0.049; η2 =0.298). Post-hoc analysis demonstrated an increase of Gas-M frequency content in IG (but not in the CG) at the post-test compared to the pre-test.
Conclusion: As mentioned in a previous study, the reduction of gluteus-M frequency content in IG may be associated with reduced foot pronation after sand training. A higher Gas-M frequency content in the IG after training may lead to improved force generation during the push-off phase.
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• The results demonstrated a significant group×time interaction for gluteus medius (gluteus-M) frequency content at the mid-stance.
• The results demonstrated an increase in frequency content for gluteus-M in the control group (CG) (but not in the intervention group [IG]) at the post-test than the pre-test.
• The results demonstrated a significant group×time interaction for medial gastrocnemius (Gas-M) frequency content at the push-off phase.
• The results demonstrated an increase in Gas-M frequency content in the IG (but not in the CG) at the post-test.
Plain Language Summary
Sand training can be a suitable treatment method for individuals with over-pronated feet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of long-term exercises on the sand on the frequency of lower limb muscles during running in runners with over-pronated feet. The results demonstrated an increase in frequency content for gluteus-M in the control group (CG) (but not in the intervention group [IG]) at the post-test compared to the pre-test. As mentioned in a previous study, reduced gluteus-M frequency content in the IG may be associated with reduced foot pronation after sand training. A higher Gas-M frequency content in the IG after training may lead to better force generation at the push-off phase. Sand training can lead to improved muscular performance in runners with overpronated feet during running.
Type of Study:
Research |
Subject:
Special Received: 2023/04/25 | Accepted: 2023/06/7 | Published: 2023/04/25